10月8日【水科學(xué)講壇】第63講:美國(guó)人類生態(tài)研究院院士李百煉教授學(xué)術(shù)報(bào)告通知

報(bào)告人簡(jiǎn)介：

李百煉，2015獲普利高津金獎(jiǎng)（Prigogine Gold Medal，該獎(jiǎng)每年只表彰一位對(duì)世界生態(tài)學(xué)做出卓越貢獻(xiàn)的科學(xué)家，他是全球第12位獲獎(jiǎng)人），2022獲卓越創(chuàng)新獎(jiǎng)；“生態(tài)復(fù)雜性”這一新生態(tài)學(xué)分支學(xué)科的奠基人，美國(guó)加利福尼亞大學(xué)河濱分校生態(tài)學(xué)終身教授，國(guó)際生態(tài)與可持續(xù)發(fā)展研究中心主任，美國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)部-中國(guó)科技部農(nóng)業(yè)生態(tài)與可持續(xù)發(fā)展聯(lián)合研究中心共同主任；《Ecological Complexity》(Elsevier)創(chuàng)刊主編，《Journal of Arid Land》(Springer Nature)聯(lián)合創(chuàng)刊主編；美國(guó)人類生態(tài)研究院院士 (IHE Fellow)，俄羅斯科學(xué)院外籍院士，美國(guó)科學(xué)促進(jìn)會(huì)會(huì)士(AAAS Fellow)，德稻生態(tài)學(xué)大師，世界生態(tài)高峰理事會(huì)(EcoSummit)主席。在包括Nature、Science、PNAS 等權(quán)威性學(xué)術(shù)刊物發(fā)表論文300 余篇，Google Scholar截至2023年底的H指數(shù)=61。還在國(guó)內(nèi)擔(dān)任了如中國(guó)科協(xié)海智專家、中國(guó)科學(xué)院名譽(yù)所長(zhǎng)及相關(guān)政府和機(jī)構(gòu)的首席生態(tài)顧問、講席或名譽(yù)教授和學(xué)術(shù)委員會(huì)主任等職。

報(bào)告簡(jiǎn)介：

I will present an entirely new view of what may be driving dynamics in the atmosphere, which our group has been working for the last 20 years. We examine and advance a theory as to how condensation influences atmospheric pressure through the mass removal of water from the gas phase with a simultaneous account of the latent heat release. Building from fundamental physical principles we show that condensation is associated with a decline in air pressure in the lower atmosphere. We then estimate the horizontal pressure differences associated with water vapor condensation and find that these are comparable in magnitude with the pressure differences driving observed circulation patterns. The water vapor delivered to the atmosphere via evaporation represents a store of potential energy available to accelerate air and thus drive winds. Our estimates suggest that the global mean power at which this potential energy is released by condensation is around one per cent of the global solar power – this is similar to the known stationary dissipative power of general atmospheric circulation. We conclude that condensation and evaporation merit attention as major, if previously overlooked, factors in driving atmospheric dynamics.

10月9日荷蘭特文特大學(xué)（ITC）余丹陽博士后學(xué)術(shù)報(bào)告通知

報(bào)告人簡(jiǎn)介：

余丹陽，荷蘭特文特大學(xué)（ITC）博士后，研究方向?yàn)椤盎谌~綠素?zé)晒獾淖魑锩{迫識(shí)別及農(nóng)業(yè)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)模擬”。報(bào)告人于2022年在武漢大學(xué)獲得博士學(xué)位，期間榮獲武漢大學(xué)博士研究生國(guó)家獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金。其博士后所在課題組為著名的熒光模型SCOPE（Soil Canopy Observation of Photosynthesis and Energy fluxes）模型的開發(fā)團(tuán)隊(duì)，專注研究植被生長(zhǎng)、土壤水熱動(dòng)態(tài)以及輻射傳輸?shù)鸟詈线^程。報(bào)告人以第一作者身份撰寫SCI論文7篇，其中5篇發(fā)表，1篇返修，1篇在投，以第二作者身份獲得計(jì)算機(jī)軟件著作權(quán)2項(xiàng)。相關(guān)成果發(fā)表在Hydrology and Earth System Sciences，European Journal of Agronomy以及Precision Agriculture等期刊，并在博士后期間受邀為SCI一區(qū)期刊European Journal of Agronomy撰稿。

報(bào)告簡(jiǎn)介：

碳同化與分配的精準(zhǔn)估算對(duì)理解植物生長(zhǎng)和陸地生態(tài)系統(tǒng)至關(guān)重要。STEMMUS-SCOPE模型整合了農(nóng)田生態(tài)系統(tǒng)中的輻射傳輸，光合作用和土壤水熱運(yùn)動(dòng)等過程，在估算土壤水分、地表通量，作物光合等方面表現(xiàn)優(yōu)異。然而，該模型對(duì)植被生長(zhǎng)動(dòng)態(tài)的處理較為簡(jiǎn)化，通常依賴于輸入的葉面積指數(shù)（LAI）和植株高度（PH），導(dǎo)致植物對(duì)土壤濕度和環(huán)境因素的響應(yīng)不一致。本研究通過耦合作物生長(zhǎng)模塊，將植物生長(zhǎng)動(dòng)態(tài)納入STEMMUS-SCOPE模型。結(jié)果表明，LAI和PH模擬顯著改善，并與土壤條件及總初級(jí)生產(chǎn)力（GPP）的動(dòng)態(tài)變化一致。同時(shí)，根、葉、莖及產(chǎn)量的生物量模擬與觀測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)高度匹配。該模型將衛(wèi)星觀測(cè)的太陽誘導(dǎo)熒光（SIF）與植被生物量、LAI、地表通量及根區(qū)土壤水分物理聯(lián)系在了一起，并提供了機(jī)理一致性的視角。

10月14日中國(guó)水利水電科學(xué)研究院韓松俊正高級(jí)工程師學(xué)術(shù)報(bào)告通知

報(bào)告人簡(jiǎn)介：

2008年畢業(yè)于清華大學(xué)水利系，獲工學(xué)博士學(xué)位，同年進(jìn)入中國(guó)水利水電科學(xué)研究院水利研究所工作，現(xiàn)任期刊Hydrological Processes副編輯。研究興趣為蒸散發(fā)理論與估算方法，構(gòu)建并發(fā)展了基于非線性函數(shù)的廣義互補(bǔ)原理，推導(dǎo)提出了在模型精度和參數(shù)合理性方面較優(yōu)的S型公式，被國(guó)內(nèi)外多個(gè)研究團(tuán)隊(duì)驗(yàn)證和采用。

報(bào)告簡(jiǎn)介：

平流是影響蒸發(fā)的一個(gè)關(guān)鍵過程，其在干旱區(qū)對(duì)濕潤(rùn)面蒸發(fā)的增強(qiáng)效應(yīng)明顯，但對(duì)其作用機(jī)制的認(rèn)識(shí)薄弱。目前廣泛應(yīng)用的Penman公式和Priestley-Taylor公式分別假設(shè)平流充分影響和最小平流影響，無法準(zhǔn)確表征平流影響變化下的濕潤(rùn)面蒸發(fā)過程。互補(bǔ)原理的平流-干旱模型認(rèn)為潛在蒸發(fā)的平流項(xiàng)與陸面干濕狀態(tài)完全相關(guān)，廣義互補(bǔ)原理突破了這一認(rèn)識(shí)，能夠概念性刻畫平流對(duì)蒸發(fā)過程的影響。報(bào)告以廣義互補(bǔ)S型公式為基礎(chǔ)，分析了湖泊蒸發(fā)、華北平原兩熟制農(nóng)田蒸發(fā)等情景下平流的影響。

10月16日【水科學(xué)講壇】第64講：日本九州大學(xué)矢野真一郎教授學(xué)術(shù)報(bào)告通知

報(bào)告人簡(jiǎn)介：

Professor Shinichiro YANO（矢野真一郎）, is a Professor in the Department of Urban and Environmental Engineering at Kyushu University of Japan from 2015. He obtained his doctor degree (Doctor of Engineering) from Kyushu University in 1999. He received the award for the most outstanding paper in the 9th APD-IAHR, Singapore in 1994, and a few other awards in Japan. He is also a Guest Professor at Wenzhou University in China. He was a Secretary-General of the Committee on Hydroscience and Hydraulic Engineering (CHHE), JSCE (FY2022-FY2023), a Chair of Eco and Environmental Hydraulics Division of CHHE, JSCE (FY2020-FY2021), and a Chair of subcommittee on “Glocal” Climate Change Adaptation Research of CHHE, JSCE (FY2018-FY2020). He is also several members of council of MILT, MOE, and prefectural governments in Japan.

報(bào)告簡(jiǎn)介：

Affected by climate change, the frequency and scale of heavy rain disasters are increasing. In Japan, due to the short distance from steep mountainous areas to river mouths, rivers have a large gradient and the terrain is prone to slope failures in mountainous areas. Therefore, in heavy rain disasters, not only sediment runoff but also driftwood runoff frequently occur. The occurrence of driftwood has a serious negative impact on river flood control, necessitating risk assessment. However, evaluation of driftwood generation in river basins has not been conducted so far. In this study, we are attempting to develop a method to evaluate the amount of driftwood generated in a basin according to external forces such as precipitation using logistic analysis. Furthermore, we used this model to evaluate the increase in driftwood generation under climate change.

10月16日【水科學(xué)講壇】第65講：新加坡國(guó)立大學(xué)羅永強(qiáng)教授學(xué)術(shù)報(bào)告通知

報(bào)告人簡(jiǎn)介：

Professor Law Wing Keung（羅永強(qiáng)）, Adrian, is a Professor in the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering at the National University of Singapore from 2024, as well as the Executive Director of the Coastal Protection and Flood Resilience Institute (CFI) Singapore. He obtained his PhD degree from the University of California at Berkeley with specialisations in coastal and hydraulic engineering, and joined the School of Civil and Environmental Engineering at the Nanyang Technological University Singapore in 1995. Previously, he received the Karl Emil Hilgard Hydraulic Prize and Wesley Horner Award from the American Society of Civil Engineers. He also chaired the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) Hydroinformatics Data Centre as Singapore’s representative (2022-2023). He is currently the Editor-in-Chief of the Journal of Hydro-Environment Research as well as Editorial Board members in related technical journals.

報(bào)告簡(jiǎn)介：

This study focuses on the research and development effort towards the effective use of UAVs with spectral sensors for real-time coastal monitoring. The talk will present how the remote sensing with the UAV approach can support coastal engineers who need to implement the Environmental Monitoring and Management Programme (EMMP) that involves the monitoring of turbidity in waters around the site areas. The approach is particularly useful for developmental works with tight timelines and sensitive receptors where highly visible water discoloration events need to be avoided, such as near recreational beaches, waterways, natural coastal habitats as well as sensitive industrial and domestic receptors with water intake points. Finally, it is noted that the use of UAVs with spectral sensors can be adapted easily to other marine applications such as the monitoring of dredging works and even be extended beyond coastal EMMP.

10月18日【行業(yè)發(fā)展前沿講座】第1講：湖南澧水流域水利水電開發(fā)有限責(zé)任公司副總經(jīng)理張洪剛正高級(jí)工程師學(xué)術(shù)報(bào)告通知

報(bào)告人簡(jiǎn)介：

長(zhǎng)期從事水文水資源研究、科技和水資源管理工作，參與近30項(xiàng)水利水電工程的規(guī)劃設(shè)計(jì)以及“973”、水利行業(yè)專項(xiàng)等科研項(xiàng)目研究；入選“湖北省優(yōu)秀青年骨干人才人選”、水利部“5151人才工程”人選、長(zhǎng)江委十大杰出青年，榮獲公務(wù)員三等功一次；先后先后發(fā)表學(xué)術(shù)論文20余篇，主編和參編專著4部，獲湖北省科技進(jìn)步一等獎(jiǎng)3項(xiàng)；組織開展數(shù)字孿生江埡皂市先行先試與數(shù)字孿生澧水流域建設(shè)。

報(bào)告簡(jiǎn)介：

介紹數(shù)字孿生江埡皂市工程有關(guān)背景情況以及建設(shè)成果，著重講授數(shù)據(jù)底板搭建、模型庫建設(shè)，以及工程安全分析預(yù)警、防洪興利調(diào)度、生產(chǎn)運(yùn)營(yíng)管理、庫區(qū)巡查、綜合決策支持五大業(yè)務(wù)應(yīng)用，講解系統(tǒng)運(yùn)用情況與應(yīng)用成效。

10月23日【水科學(xué)講壇】第66講：Shimamoto Earth and Environment Laboratory Ltd.Japan 嶋本利彥 （Shimamoto Toshihiko）教授學(xué)術(shù)報(bào)告通知

報(bào)告人簡(jiǎn)介：

嶋本利彥（Shimamoto Toshihiko） 教授畢業(yè)于美國(guó)德克薩斯A＆M大學(xué)，曾在日本東京大學(xué)地震研究所、京都大學(xué)和廣島大學(xué)任教，現(xiàn)為中國(guó)地震局地震動(dòng)力學(xué)國(guó)家重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室特聘研究員。主要從事巖石摩擦力學(xué)與斷層動(dòng)力學(xué)等相關(guān)研究工作。設(shè)計(jì)和研制了多臺(tái)高速摩擦設(shè)備，廣泛應(yīng)用于斷層滑動(dòng)機(jī)制研究中。發(fā)表高水平論80余篇，其中多篇發(fā)表在Nature、Science、Geology等國(guó)際頂尖學(xué)術(shù)期刊。2014年榮獲中國(guó)政府頒發(fā)的“友誼獎(jiǎng)”，并受到李克強(qiáng)總理接見。2019年當(dāng)選美國(guó)地球物理聯(lián)合會(huì)（AGU）會(huì)士，以表彰其在地球與空間科學(xué)領(lǐng)域的卓越貢獻(xiàn)。

報(bào)告簡(jiǎn)介：

講座將包括兩部分內(nèi)容：（1）介紹高速摩擦儀的工作原理和設(shè)計(jì)思路及其在斷層滑動(dòng)機(jī)制方面的應(yīng)用案例；（2）基于高速遠(yuǎn)程滑坡的啟程和運(yùn)動(dòng)特征，討論高速摩擦儀在高速遠(yuǎn)程滑坡研究中的適用性。

10月25日【水科學(xué)講壇】第67講：加拿大多倫多大學(xué)Giovanni Grasselli教授學(xué)術(shù)報(bào)告通知

報(bào)告人簡(jiǎn)介：

Grasselli教授現(xiàn)任職于多倫多大學(xué)土木與采礦工程學(xué)院，主要從事混合有限-離散元法（FDEM）數(shù)值模擬技術(shù)、實(shí)驗(yàn)可視化技術(shù)以及應(yīng)用于隧道施工和水力壓裂研究的地質(zhì)力學(xué)機(jī)理等領(lǐng)域的研究。Grasselli教授在意大利帕爾馬大學(xué)取得土木工程本科學(xué)位，在瑞士洛桑聯(lián)邦理工學(xué)院取得巖石力學(xué)博士學(xué)位；在2006年加入多倫多大學(xué)任教之前，曾在倫敦帝國(guó)理工學(xué)院（英國(guó)）和桑迪亞國(guó)家實(shí)驗(yàn)室（美國(guó)）擔(dān)任研究員，并曾擔(dān)任勞倫森大學(xué)Mirarco研究所的副主任（加拿大）；曾榮獲2004年ISRM Rocha獎(jiǎng)?wù)隆?019年CGS的John A. Franklin巖石力學(xué)獎(jiǎng)以及2024年P(guān)EO工程獎(jiǎng)?wù)隆?/p>

報(bào)告簡(jiǎn)介：

A series of true-triaxial hydraulic fracturing tests were conducted on shale specimens from the Montney formation, both from outcrop and at-depth samples. These tests were designed to simulate in-situ conditions, replicating open-hole fluid injection at depth. The goal was to evaluate the effects of flaws, anisotropy, intermediate stress, and fluid viscosity on fracture behavior.

Interestingly, the experiments revealed that fractures formed against σ2 (the intermediate principal stress) rather than σ3 (the minimum principal stress), challenging the conventional belief that fractures always propagate in the direction of the minimum stress. This suggests that tensile strength anisotropy plays a role as significant as in-situ stresses in determining fracture initiation and propagation. The outcome of this research is a new conceptual model that considers both the magnitude of in-situ stresses and the anisotropy in the rock's tensile strength, identifying the path of least mechanical resistance. Another key finding highlights the impact of fluid viscosity on the complexity of the resulting fracture network.